P A S S O V E R
pesach (Hebrew) = pascha (Greek)
Divine Appointment Moed
Ordinance Forever Chuqqah Olam
Pilgrimage Feast Hag
Memorial Zikrown
Passover Season: The whole 8-day period of
Passover/Unleavened Bread
Isaiah 53:3-6, "He is despised and rejected of men; a
man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief . . . . Surely He hath
borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows . . . But He was
wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our
iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon Him: and with
His stripes we are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray;
we have turned every one to his own way; and the LORD hath laid
on Him the iniquity of us all."
I Peter 2:21, 24, "For even hereunto were ye called:
because Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example, that
ye should follow HIs steps . . . Who His own self bare our sins
in His own body on the tree, that we, being dead to sins, should
live unto righteousness: by whose stripes ye were healed."
Revelation 5:9, 12, " . . . for thou was slain, and
hast redeemed us to God by thy blood out of every kindred, and
tongue, and people, and nation . . . Worthy is the Lamb that was
slain to receive power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength,
and honour, and glory, and blessing."
John 6:53-54, 57, "Then Jesus said unto them, Verily,
verily I say unto you, Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of
man, and drink His blood, ye have no life in you. Whoso eateth
my flesh, and drinketh my blood, hath eternal life; and I will
raise him up at the last day. . . . As the living Father hath
sent me, and I live by the Father; so he that eateth me, even he
shall live by me."
I Corinthians 5:7-8, "For even Christ our Passover is
sacrificed for us: therefore let us keep the Feast."
Passover Bread Recipe
Yield: 500 servings for Passover
Ingredients:
- 4 cups freshly ground whole wheat pastry flour
- 1 1/2 teaspoons sea salt
- 3 tablespoons real butter
- 2 tablespoons oil mixed in 1 cup water
Directions:
Sift flour and measure. Add salt, sift again, or stir
thoroughly (in a food processor, if available). Cut butter into
small pieces and add to flour after each cut (or cut in with a
pastry cutter). Add oil and water to flour (while running
processor). Mix until it forms a ball of dough that comes away
from the side of the bowl. Knead lightly on floured board 1
minute to a smooth ball. Lightly flour the bowl again. Pinch 1
cup dough and flatten, then roll as thin as possible. Roll it
until it just holds together without breaking when pulled. Place
the rolled dough on an ungreased sheet and make one cut so the
pieces may conveniently fit on the serving plate. Bake 8-10
minutes in a preheated oven at 3500 until puffy and
lightly browned.
Instructions for Use:
Depending on the number taking Passover, set aside a
reasonable amount for the Passover service. Use the remainder
for ordinary bread during the Feast of Unleavened Bread.
Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread
Passover in the Old Testament
The Hebrew pesach (pronounced peh'-sakh), Strong's
#6453, means a passing over, a pretermission, i.e., exemption.
It is derived from #6452, pasach, to hop, skip over, or
spare. By implication, pesach means to hesitate;
literally to limp, to dance, halt, become lame, leap, pass over.
Passover is a Festival of the Eternal on
the Evening of the Fourteenth Day of the First Month
Leviticus 23:5 In the fourteenth day of the first
month at even is the LORD's Passover.
Numbers 28:16 And in the fourteenth day of the first
month is the Passover of the LORD.
Joshua 5:10 And the children of Israel encamped in
Gilgal, and kept the Passover on the fourteenth day of the month
at even in the plains of Jericho.
II Chronicles 35:1 Moreover Josiah kept a Passover
unto the LORD in Jerusalem: and they killed the Passover on the
fourteenth day of the first month.
Ezra 6:19 And the children of the captivity kept the
Passover upon the fourteenth day of the first month.
Passover Lamb Sacrificed and Eaten
Exodus 12:11 And thus shall ye eat it; with your loins
girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand;
and ye shall eat it in haste: it is the LORD's Passover.
Exodus 12:21 . . . Draw out and take you a lamb [or
kid, margin] according to your families, and kill the Passover.
Exodus 12:27 . . . It is the sacrifice of the LORD's
Passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel
in Egypt, when He smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses
. . . .
Numbers 9:13 But the man that is clean, and is not in
a journey, and forbeareth to keep the Passover, even the same
soul shall be cut off from among his people: because he brought
not the offering of the LORD in his appointed season, that man
shall bear his sin.
Exodus 34:25 Thou shalt not offer the blood of My
sacrifice with leaven; neither shall the sacrifice of the feast
of the Passover be left unto the morning.
Deuteronomy 16:2, 5-6 Thou shalt therefore sacrifice
the Passover unto the LORD thy God, of the flock and the herd,
in the place which the LORD shall choose to place his name there
. . . . Thou mayest not sacrifice [margin: kill] the Passover
within any of thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee: But
at the place which the LORD thy God shall choose to place His
name in, there thou shalt sacrifice the Passover at even, at the
going down of the sun, at the season that thou camest forth out
of Egypt. [Note: As Fred Coulter points out in his book, The
Christian Passover, pages 141-165, this scripture refers not
to the Passover lamb, but the Passover season offering.]
II Chronicles 35:1, 6, 11, 13 Moreover Josiah kept a
Passover unto the LORD in Jerusalem: and they killed the
Passover on the fourteenth day of the first month . . . . So
kill the Passover, and sanctify yourselves, and prepare your
brethren, that they may do according to the word of the LORD by
the hand of Moses . . . . And they killed the Passover, and the
priests sprinkled the blood from their hands, and the Levites
flayed them . . . . And they roasted the Passover with fire
according to the ordinance: but the other holy offerings sod
they in pots, and in caldrons, and in pans, and divided them
speedily among all the people.
Passover Commemorates Israel's Deliverance
From Egypt
Exodus 12:26-27 And it shall come to pass, when your
children shall say unto you, What mean ye by this service? That
ye shall say, It is the sacrifice of the LORD's Passover, Who
passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when
He smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses . . .
Deuteronomy 16:1, 6 Observe the month of Abib, and
keep the Passover unto the LORD thy God: for in the month of
Abib the LORD thy God brought thee forth out of Egypt by night .
. . . But at the place which the LORD thy God shall choose to
place His name in, there thou shalt sacrifice the Passover at
even, at the going down of the sun, at the season that thou
camest forth out of Egypt.
One Passover Lamb Was Sacrificed Per Each
Household
Exodus 12:3-4, 21, 46 Speak ye unto all the
congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month
they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house
of their fathers, a lamb for an house: And if the household be
too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next unto his
house take it according to the number of the souls; every man
according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb . . .
. Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said unto
them, Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families,
and kill the Passover . . . . In one house shall it be eaten;
thou shalt not carry forth ought of the flesh abroad out of the
house; neither shall ye break a bone thereof.
Only Circumcised and Ceremonially Clean
Persons
Could Partake of the Passover, No Strangers
Exodus 12:43 And the LORD said unto Moses and Aaron,
This is the ordinance of the Passover: There shall no stranger
eat thereof.
Exodus 12:48 And when a stranger shall sojourn with
thee, and will keep the Passover to the LORD, let all his males
be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he
shall be as one that is born in the land: for no uncircumcised
person shall eat thereof.
Joshua 5:2-10 At that time the LORD said unto Joshua,
Make thee sharp knives, and circumcise again the children of
Israel the second time. And Joshua made him sharp knives, and
circumcised the children of Israel at the hill of the foreskins.
And this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise: All the people
that came out of Egypt, that were males, even all the men of
war, died in the wilderness by the way, after they came out of
Egypt. Now all the people that came out were circumcised: but
all the people that were born in the wilderness by the way as
they came forth out of Egypt, them they had not circumcised. For
the children of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness,
till all the people that were men of war, which came out of
Egypt, were consumed, because they obeyed not the voice of the
LORD: unto whom the LORD sware that He would not shew them the
land, which the LORD sware unto their fathers that He would give
us, a land that floweth with milk and honey. And their children,
whom He raised up in their stead, them Joshua circumcised: for
they were uncircumcised, because they had not circumcised them
by the way. And it came to pass, when they had done circumcising
all the people, that they abode in their places in the camp,
till they were whole. And the LORD said unto Joshua, This day
have I rolled away the reproach of Egypt from off you. Wherefore
the name of the place is called Gilgal unto this day. And the
children of Israel encamped in Gilgal, and kept the Passover on
the fourteenth day of the month at even in the plains of
Jericho.
Numbers 9:6, 14 And there were certain men, who were
defiled by the dead body of a man, that they could not keep the
Passover on that day: and they came before Moses and before
Aaron on that day . . . . And if a stranger shall sojourn among
you, and will keep the Passover unto the LORD; according to the
ordinance of the Passover, and according to the manner thereof,
so shall he do: ye shall have one ordinance, both for the
stranger, and for him that was born in the land.
Those Unable to Keep First Passover May
Keep the Second Passover
Numbers 9:10, 11 Speak unto the children of Israel,
saying, If any man of you or of your posterity shall be unclean
by reason of a dead body, or be in a journey afar off, yet he
shall keep the Passover unto the LORD. The fourteenth day of the
second month at even they shall keep it, and eat it with
unleavened bread and bitter herbs.
II Chronicles 30:2-3 For the king had taken counsel,
and his princes, and all the congregation in Jerusalem, to keep
the Passover in the second month. For they could not keep it at
that time, because the priests had not sanctified themselves
sufficiently, neither had the people gathered themselves
together to Jerusalem.
Passover Must be Kept Correctly.
Failure to Keep It Results in Being Cut Off From God's People
Numbers 9:13 But the man that is clean, and is not in
a journey, and forbeareth to keep the Passover, even the same
soul shall be cut off from among his people: because he brought
not the offering of the LORD in his appointed season, that man
shall bear his sin.
Numbers 9:2-4 Let the children of Israel also keep the
Passover at his appointed season. In the fourteenth day of this
month, at even, ye shall keep it in his appointed season:
according to all the rites of it, and according to all the
ceremonies thereof, shall ye keep it. And Moses spake unto the
children of Israel, that they should keep the Passover.
Passover Has Certain Ordinances
Numbers 9:11-12 The fourteenth day of the second month
at even they shall keep it, and eat it with unleavened bread and
bitter herbs. They shall leave none of it unto the morning, nor
break any bone of it: according to all the ordinances of the
Passover they shall keep it.
Exodus 12:8-11 And they shall eat the flesh in that
night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter
herbs they shall eat it. Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all
with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and
with the purtenance thereof. And ye shall let nothing of it
remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until
the morning ye shall burn with fire. And thus shall ye eat it;
with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff
in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste: it is the LORD's
Passover.
Exodus 34:25 Thou shalt not offer the blood of my
sacrifice with leaven; neither shall the sacrifice of the feast
of the Passover be left unto the morning.
Passover is to be Observed at a Specific
Place
Deuteronomy 16:2 Thou shalt therefore sacrifice the
Passover unto the LORD thy God, of the flock and the herd, in
the place which the LORD shall choose to place His name there.
Deuteronomy 16:5-6 Thou mayest not sacrifice the
Passover within any of thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth
thee: But at the place which the LORD thy God shall choose to
place His name in, there thou shalt sacrifice the Passover at
even, at the going down of the sun, at the season that thou
camest forth out of Egypt.
II Chronicles 30:1 And Hezekiah sent to all Israel and
Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they
should come to the house of the LORD at Jerusalem, to keep the
Passover unto the LORD God of Israel.
II Chronicles 35:1 Moreover Josiah kept a Passover
unto the LORD in Jerusalem: and they killed the Passover on the
fourteenth day of the first month.
Chronology of Old Testament Passover
Observance
Exodus 12:1-14 [First Passover at time of Exodus.]
Numbers 9:1-5 [Second Passover kept] . . . in the
wilderness of Sinai, in the first month of the second year after
they were come out of the land of Egypt . . . . Let the children
of Israel also keep the Passover at his appointed season. In the
fourteenth day of this month, at even, ye shall keep it in his
appointed season: according to all the rites of it, and
according to all the ceremonies thereof, shall ye keep it. And
Moses spake unto the children of Israel, that they should keep
the Passover. And they kept the Passover on the fourteenth day
of the first month at even in the wilderness of Sinai: according
to all that the LORD commanded Moses, so did the children of
Israel.
Joshua 5:10-12 And the children of Israel encamped in
Gilgal, and kept the Passover on the fourteenth day of the month
at even in the plains of Jericho. And they did eat of the old
corn of the land on the morrow after the Passover, unleavened
cakes, and parched corn in the selfsame day. And the manna
ceased on the morrow after they had eaten of the old corn of the
land; neither had the children of Israel manna any more; but
they did eat of the fruit of the land of Canaan that year.
II Chronicles 30:1-27 And Hezekiah sent to all Israel
and Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that
they should come to the house of the LORD at Jerusalem, to keep
the Passover unto the LORD God of Israel. For the king had taken
counsel, and his princes, and all the congregation in Jerusalem,
to keep the Passover in the second month. For they could not
keep it at that time, because the priests had not sanctified
themselves sufficiently, neither had the people gathered
themselves together to Jerusalem. And the thing pleased the king
and all the congregation. So they established a decree to make
proclamation throughout all Israel, from Beersheba even to Dan,
that they should come to keep the Passover unto the LORD God of
Israel at Jerusalem: for they had not done it of a long time in
such sort as it was written . . . . Now be ye not stiff necked,
as your fathers were, but yield yourselves unto the LORD, and
enter into His sanctuary, which He hath sanctified for ever: and
serve the LORD your God, that the fierceness of His wrath may
turn away from you. For if ye turn again unto the LORD, your
brethren and your children shall find compassion before them
that lead them captive, so that they shall come again into this
land: for the LORD your God is gracious and merciful, and will
not turn away His face from you, if ye return unto Him. So the
posts passed from city to city through the country of Ephraim
and Manasseh even unto Zebulun: but they laughed them to scorn,
and mocked them. Nevertheless divers of Asher and Manasseh and
of Zebulun humbled themselves, and came to Jerusalem. Also in
Judah the hand of God was to give them one heart to do the
commandment of the king and of the princes, by the word of the
LORD. And there assembled at Jerusalem much people to keep the
Feast of Unleavened Bread in the second month, a very great
congregation . . . . Then they killed the Passover on the
fourteenth day of the second month: and the priests and the
Levites were ashamed, and sanctified themselves, and brought in
the burnt offerings into the house of the LORD . . . . For there
were many in the congregation that were not sanctified:
therefore the Levites had the charge of the killing of the
Passovers for every one that was not clean, to sanctify them
unto the LORD. For a multitude of the people, even many of
Ephraim, and Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun, had not cleansed
themselves, yet did they eat the Passover otherwise than it was
written. But Hezekiah prayed for them, saying, The good LORD
pardon every one that prepareth his heart to seek God, the LORD
God of his fathers, though he be not cleansed according to the
purification of the sanctuary. And the LORD hearkened to
Hezekiah, and healed the people. And the children of Israel that
were present at Jerusalem kept the Feast of Unleavened Bread
seven days with great gladness: and the Levites and the priests
praised the LORD day by day, singing with loud instruments unto
the LORD. And Hezekiah spake comfortably unto all the Levites
that taught the good knowledge of the LORD: and they did eat
throughout the feast seven days, offering peace offerings, and
making confession to the LORD God of their fathers. And the
whole assembly took counsel to keep other seven days: and they
kept other seven days with gladness . . . . So there was great
joy in Jerusalem: for since the time of Solomon the son of David
king of Israel there was not the like in Jerusalem. Then the
priests the Levites arose and blessed the people: and their
voice was heard, and their prayer came up to His holy dwelling
place, even unto heaven.
II Kings 23:21-23 And the king commanded all the
people, saying, Keep the Passover unto the LORD your God, as it
is written in the book of this covenant. Surely there was not
holden such a Passover from the days of the judges that judged
Israel, nor in all the days of the kings of Israel, nor of the
kings of Judah; But in the eighteenth year of king Josiah,
wherein this Passover was holden to the LORD in Jerusalem.
II Chronicles 35:1-19 Moreover Josiah kept a Passover
unto the LORD in Jerusalem: and they killed the Passover on the
fourteenth day of the first month. And he set the priests in
their charges, and encouraged them to the service of the house
of the LORD, And said unto the Levites that taught all Israel,
which were holy unto the LORD . . . . So kill the Passover, and
sanctify yourselves, and prepare your brethren, that they may do
according to the word of the LORD by the hand of Moses. And
Josiah gave to the people, of the flock, lambs and kids, all for
the Passover offerings, for all that were present, to the number
of thirty thousand, and three thousand bullocks: these were of
the king's substance. And his princes gave willingly unto the
people, to the priests, and to the Levites: Hilkiah and
Zechariah and Jehiel, rulers of the house of God, gave unto the
priests for the Passover offerings two thousand and six hundred
small cattle, and three hundred oxen. Conaniah also, and
Shemaiah and Nethaneel, his brethren, and Hashabiah and Jeiel
and Jozabad, chief of the Levites, gave unto the Levites for
Passover offerings five thousand small cattle, and five hundred
oxen. So the service was prepared, and the priests stood in
their place, and the Levites in their courses, according to the
king's commandment. And they killed the Passover, and the
priests sprinkled the blood from their hands, and the Levites
flayed them. And they removed the burnt offerings, that they
might give according to the divisions of the families of the
people, to offer unto the LORD, as it is written in the book of
Moses. And so did they with the oxen. And they roasted the
Passover with fire according to the ordinance: but the other
holy offerings sod they in pots, and in caldrons, and in pans,
and divided them speedily among all the people . . . . So all
the service of the LORD was prepared the same day, to keep the
Passover, and to offer burnt offerings upon the altar of the
LORD, according to the commandment of king Josiah. And the
children of Israel that were present kept the Passover at that
time, and the Feast of Unleavened Bread seven days. And there
was no Passover like to that kept in Israel from the days of
Samuel the prophet; neither did all the kings of Israel keep
such a Passover as Josiah kept, and the priests, and the
Levites, and all Judah and Israel that were present, and the
inhabitants of Jerusalem. In the eighteenth year of the reign of
Josiah was this Passover kept.
Ezra 6:19-20 And the children of the captivity kept
the Passover upon the fourteenth day of the first month. For the
priests and the Levites were purified together, all of them were
pure, and killed the Passover for all the children of the
captivity, and for their brethren the priests, and for
themselves.
Passover Involved Purification and
Preparation, Mainly of the Heart
Joshua 5:2-11 [Israel had to be circumcised before
they could keep the Passover at Gilgal.]
II Chronicles 30:3,15,17-20,27 For they could not keep
it [the Passover] at that time, because the priests had not
sanctified themselves sufficiently, neither had the people
gathered themselves together to Jerusalem . . . . Then they
killed the Passover on the fourteenth day of the second month:
and the priests and the Levites were ashamed, and sanctified
themselves, and brought in the burnt offerings into the house of
the LORD . . . . For there were many in the congregation that
were not sanctified: therefore the Levites had the charge of the
killing of the Passovers for every one that was not clean, to
sanctify them unto the LORD. For a multitude of the people, even
many of Ephraim, and Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun, had not
cleansed themselves, yet did they eat the Passover otherwise
than it was written. But Hezekiah prayed for them, saying, The
good LORD pardon every one that prepareth his heart to seek God,
the LORD God of his fathers, though he be not cleansed according
to the purification of the sanctuary. And the LORD hearkened to
Hezekiah, and healed the people . . . . Then the priests the
Levites arose and blessed the people: and their voice was heard,
and their prayer came up to his holy dwelling place, even unto
heaven.
II Chronicles 35:1,4,6,10,14-19Moreover Josiah kept a
Passover unto the LORD in Jerusalem: and they killed the
Passover on the fourteenth day of the first month . . . . And
prepare yourselves by the houses of your fathers, after your
courses, according to the writing of David king of Israel, and
according to the writing of Solomon his son . . . . So kill the
Passover, and sanctify yourselves, and prepare your brethren,
that they may do according to the word of the LORD by the hand
of Moses . . . . So the service was prepared, and the priests
stood in their place, and the Levites in their courses,
according to the king's commandment . . . . And afterward they
made ready for themselves, and for the priests: because the
priests the sons of Aaron were busied in offering of burnt
offerings and the fat until night; therefore the Levites
prepared for themselves, and for the priests the sons of Aaron.
And the singers the sons of Asaph were in their place, according
to the commandment of David, and Asaph, and Heman, and Jeduthun
the king's seer; and the porters waited at every gate; they
might not depart from their service; for their brethren the
Levites prepared for them. So all the service of the LORD was
prepared the same day, to keep the Passover, and to offer burnt
offerings upon the altar of the LORD, according to the
commandment of king Josiah. And the children of Israel that were
present kept the Passover at that time, and the Feast of
Unleavened Bread seven days. And there was no Passover like to
that kept in Israel from the days of Samuel the prophet; neither
did all the kings of Israel keep such a Passover as Josiah kept,
and the priests, and the Levites, and all Judah and Israel that
were present, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem. In the
eighteenth year of the reign of Josiah was this Passover kept.
Ezra 6:20-22 For the priests and the Levites were
purified together, all of them were pure, and killed the
Passover for all the children of the captivity, and for their
brethren the priests, and for themselves. And the children of
Israel, which were come again out of captivity, and all such as
had separated themselves unto them from the filthiness of the
heathen of the land, to seek the LORD God of Israel, did eat,
and kept the Feast of Unleavened Bread seven days with joy . . .
.
Passover is Distinct, Yet Related to, Feast
of Unleavened Bread
Numbers 28:16-17 And in the fourteenth day of the
first month is the Passover of the LORD. And in the fifteenth
day of this month is the feast: seven days shall unleavened
bread be eaten.
Numbers 33:3 And they departed from Rameses in the
first month, on the fifteenth day of the first month; on the
morrow after the Passover the children of Israel went out with
an high hand in the sight of all the Egyptians.
Deuteronomy 16:2-3 Thou shalt therefore sacrifice the
Passover unto the LORD thy God, of the flock and the herd, in
the place which the LORD shall choose to place his name there.
Thou shalt eat no leavened bread with it; seven days shalt thou
eat unleavened bread therewith, even the bread of affliction;
for thou camest forth out of the land of Egypt in haste: that
thou mayest remember the day when thou camest forth out of the
land of Egypt all the days of thy life.
Ezekiel 45:21 In the first month, in the fourteenth
day of the month, ye shall have the Passover, a feast of seven
days; unleavened bread shall be eaten.
Old Testament Prophecies Foretold The
Messiah's Death
Betrayed by a friend: Psalms 55:12-14, 21 For
it was not an enemy that reproached me; then I could have borne
it: neither was it he that hated me that did magnify himself
against me; then I would have hid myself from him: But it was
thou, a man mine equal, my guide, and mine acquaintance. We took
sweet counsel together, and walked unto the house of God in
company . . . . The words of his mouth were smoother than
butter, but war was in his heart: his words were softer than
oil, yet were they drawn swords.
Betrayed for thirty pieces of silver:Zechariah
11:12-13 And I said unto them, If ye think good, give me my
price; and if not, forbear. So they weighed for my price thirty
pieces of silver. And the Lord said unto me, Cast it unto the
potter: a goodly price that I was prised at of them. And I took
the thirty pieces of silver, and cast them to the potter in the
house of the Lord.
Laughed at, beaten, garments parted:Psalms 22:1-18
My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me? why art thou so far
from helping me, and from the words of my roaring? O my God, I
cry in the daytime, but thou hearest not; and in the night
season, and am not silent. But thou art holy, O thou that
inhabitest the praises of Israel. Our fathers trusted in thee:
they trusted, and thou didst deliver them. They cried unto thee,
and were delivered: they trusted in thee, and were not
confounded. But I am a worm, and no man; a reproach of men, and
despised of the people. All they that see me laugh me to scorn:
they shoot out the lip, they shake the head, saying, He trusted
on the Lord that he would deliver him: let him deliver him,
seeing he delighted in him. But thou art he that took me out of
the womb: thou didst make me hope when I was upon my mother's
breasts. I was cast upon thee from the womb: thou art my God
from my mother's belly. Be not far from me; for trouble is near;
for there is none to help. Many bulls have compassed me: strong
bulls of Bashan have beset me round. They gaped upon me with
their mouths, as a ravening and a roaring lion. I am poured out
like water, and all my bones are out of joint; my heart is like
wax; it is melted in the midst of my bowels. My strength is
dried up like a potsherd; and my tongue cleaveth to my jaws; and
thou hast brought me into the dust of death. For dogs have
compassed me: the assembly of the wicked have inclosed me: they
pierced my hands and my feet. I may tell all my bones: they look
and stare upon me. They part my garments among them, and cast
lots upon my vesture.
Face marred beyond recognition:Isaiah 52:14 As
many were astonied at thee; his visage was so marred more than
any man, and his form more than the sons of men.
Despised and rejected, an offering for sin: Isaiah
53:1-12 Who hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm
of the Lord revealed? For he shall grow up before him as a
tender plant, and as a root out of a dry ground: he hath no form
nor comeliness; and when we shall see him, there is no beauty
that we should desire him. He is despised and rejected of men; a
man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were
our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not.
Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we
did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted. But he
was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our
iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with
his stripes we are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray;
we have turned every one to his own way; and the Lord hath laid
on him the iniquity of us all. He was oppressed, and he was
afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb
to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so
he openeth not his mouth. He was taken from prison and from
judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut
off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of my
people was he stricken. And he made his grave with the wicked,
and with the rich in his death; because he had done no violence,
neither was any deceit in his mouth. Yet it pleased the Lord to
bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his
soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall
prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in
his hand. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be
satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify
many; for he shall bear their iniquities. Therefore will I
divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the
spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto
death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare
the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.
Passover in the New Testament
The Greek pascha (pronounced pas'khah), Strong's
#3957, means the Passover, the day, the festival or special
sacrifices connected with it. The KJV incorrectly translated it
"Easter" in Acts 12:4.
Through Faith Moses Kept Passover
Hebrews 11:28 Through faith he kept the Passover, and
the sprinkling of blood, lest he that destroyed the firstborn
should touch them.
Jesus and His Parents Kept Passover and
Feast of Unleavened Bread
Luke 2:41-43 Now his parents went to Jerusalem every
year at the feast of the Passover. And when he was twelve years
old, they went up to Jerusalem after the custom of the Feast.
And when they had fulfilled the days, as they returned, the
child Jesus tarried behind in Jerusalem; and Joseph and his
mother knew not of it.
Jesus Kept the Passover Shortly After
Beginning His Ministry
John 2:13, 23 And the Jews' Passover was at hand, and
Jesus went up to Jerusalem . . . . Now when He was in Jerusalem
at the Passover, in the feast day, many believed in His name,
when they saw the miracles which He did.
The Feeding of the Five Thousand Was Near
Passover
John 6:4 And the Passover, a feast of the Jews, was
nigh. [Verses 5-14 continue with the account of the feeding of
the 5,000.]
Priests and Pharisees Sought to Take Jesus
During Passover in Jerusalem
John 11:55-57 And the Jews' Passover was nigh at hand:
and many went out of the country up to Jerusalem before the
Passover, to purify themselves. Then sought they for Jesus, and
spake among themselves, as they stood in the temple, What think
ye, that He will not come to the feast? Now both the chief
priests and the Pharisees had given a commandment, that, if any
man knew where He were, he should shew it, that they might take
Him.
Jesus Came to Jerusalem Six Days Before
Passover, Stayed at Bethany
John 12:1 Then Jesus six days before the Passover came
to Bethany, where Lazarus was which had been dead, whom He
raised from the dead.
Jesus Knew He Would Be Crucified on the
Passover
Matthew 26:2 Ye know that after two days is the feast
of the Passover, and the Son of man is betrayed to be crucified.
Mark 14:1-2 After two days was the feast of the
Passover, and of unleavened bread: and the chief priests and the
scribes sought how they might take Him by craft, and put Him to
death. But they said, Not on the feast day, lest there be an
uproar of the people.
Luke 22:1-2 Now the Feast of Unleavened Bread drew
nigh, which is called the Passover. And the chief priests and
scribes sought how they might kill Him; for they feared the
people.
John 13:1 Now before the feast of the Passover, when
Jesus knew that His hour was come that he should depart out of
this world unto the Father, having loved His own which were in
the world, He loved them unto the end.
Jesus Ate His Last Earthly Passover With
His Disciples
Matthew 26:17-19 Now the first day of the Feast of
Unleavened Bread the disciples came to Jesus, saying unto Him,
Where wilt thou that we prepare for thee to eat the Passover?
And He said, Go into the city to such a man, and say unto him,
The Master saith, My time is at hand; I will keep the Passover
at thy house with my disciples. And the disciples did as Jesus
had appointed them; and they made ready the Passover.
Mark 14:12-16 And the first day of unleavened bread,
when they killed the Passover, His disciples said unto him,
Where wilt thou that we go and prepare that thou mayest eat the
Passover? And He sendeth forth two of His disciples, and saith
unto them, Go ye into the city, and there shall meet you a man
bearing a pitcher of water: follow him. And wheresoever he shall
go in, say ye to the goodman of the house, The Master saith,
Where is the guest chamber, where I shall eat the Passover with
my disciples? And he will shew you a large upper room furnished
and prepared: there make ready for us. And his disciples went
forth, and came into the city, and found as he had said unto
them: and they made ready the Passover.
Luke 22:7-8,11,13 Then came the day of unleavened
bread, when the Passover must be killed. And He sent Peter and
John, saying, Go and prepare us the Passover, that we may eat .
. . . And ye shall say unto the goodman of the house, The Master
saith unto thee, Where is the guest chamber, where I shall eat
the Passover with my disciples? . . . And they went, and found
as he had said unto them: and they made ready the Passover.
Jews Referred to Passover as a Day of
Unleavened Bread
Matthew 26:17 Now the first day of the Feast of
Unleavened Bread the disciples came to Jesus, saying unto Him,
Where wilt thou that we prepare for thee to eat the Passover?
Mark 14:12 And the first day of unleavened bread, when
they killed the Passover, his disciples said unto him, Where
wilt thou that we go and prepare that thou mayest eat the
Passover?
Luke 22:7 Then came the day of unleavened bread, when
the Passover must be killed.
During the Last Passover Supper, the Savior
Washed the Disciples' Feet
John 13:2-17 And supper being ended, the devil having
now put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray
Him; Jesus knowing that the Father had given all things into His
hands, and that He was come from God, and went to God; He riseth
from supper, and laid aside his garments; and took a towel, and
girded Himself.
After that he poureth water into a bason, and began to wash
the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel wherewith
He was girded. Then cometh He to Simon Peter: and Peter saith
unto Him, Lord, dost thou wash my feet? Jesus answered and said
unto Him, What I do thou knowest not now; but thou shalt know
hereafter. Peter saith unto him, Thou shalt never wash my feet.
Jesus answered him, If I wash thee not, thou hast no part with
me. Simon Peter saith unto Him, Lord, not my feet only, but also
my hands and my head. Jesus saith to him, He that is washed
needeth not save to wash his feet, but is clean every whit: and
ye are clean, but not all. For He knew who should betray Him;
therefore said He, Ye are not all clean. So after He had washed
their feet, and had taken His garments, and was set down again,
He said unto them, Know ye what I have done to you? Ye call me
Master and Lord: and ye say well; for so I am. If I then, your
Lord and Master, have washed your feet; ye also ought to wash
one another's feet. For I have given you an example, that ye
should do as I have done to you. Verily, verily, I say unto you,
The servant is not greater than his Lord; neither he that is
sent greater than he that sent him. If ye know these things,
happy are ye if ye do them.
Messiah To Take Passover When Fulfilled in
Kingdom
Luke 22:15-16 And He said unto them, With desire I
have desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer: For
I say unto you, I will not any more eat thereof, until it be
fulfilled in the kingdom of God.
Symbols of Bread and Wine Were Instituted
by the Savior
Matthew 26:26-30 And as they were eating, Jesus took
bread, and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the
disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body. And He took the
cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all
of it; For this is my blood of the new testament, which is shed
for many for the remission of sins. But I say unto you, I will
not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day
when I drink it new with you in my Father's kingdom. And when
they had sung an hymn, they went out into the mount of Olives.
Mark 14:22-25 And as they did eat, Jesus took bread,
and blessed, and brake it, and gave to them, and said, Take,
eat: this is my body. And He took the cup, and when He had given
thanks, He gave it to them: and they all drank of it. And He
said unto them, This is my blood of the new testament, which is
shed for many. Verily I say unto you, I will drink no more of
the fruit of the vine, until that day that I drink it new in the
kingdom of God.
Luke 22:19-20 And He took bread, and gave thanks, and
brake it, and gave unto them, saying, This is my body which is
given for you: this do in remembrance of me. Likewise also the
cup after supper, saying, This cup is the new testament in my
blood, which is shed for you.
Some Jews Kept Passover a Day Later Than
Jesus
John 18:28 Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the
hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not
into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that
they might eat the Passover.
John 19:14 And it was the preparation of the Passover,
and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold
your King!
It Was Jewish Custom to Release a Prisoner
at Passover
John 18:39 But ye have a custom, that I should release
unto you one at the Passover: will ye therefore that I release
unto you the King of the Jews?
Herod Imprisoned Peter During
Passover/Feast of Unleavened Bread
Acts 12:4 And when he had apprehended him, he put him
in prison, and delivered him to four quaternions of soldiers to
keep him; intending after Easter [Greek: pascha,
Passover] to bring him forth to the people.
Christ is Our Passover
I Corinthians 5:7-8 Purge out therefore the old
leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For
even Christ our Passover is sacrificed for us: Therefore let us
keep the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of
malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of
sincerity and truth.
The Messiah Was the Lamb Slain From the
Foundation of the World
Revelation 13:8 And all that dwell upon the earth
shall worship him, whose names are not written in the Book of
Life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.
I Peter 1:1-4 Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to
the strangers scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia,
Asia, and Bithynia, Elect according to the foreknowledge of God
the Father, through sanctification of the Spirit, unto obedience
and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ . . . . Blessed be
the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which according to
His abundant mercy hath begotten us again unto a lively hope by
the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, To an
inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled, and that fadeth not
away, reserved in heaven for you, . . .
Verses 10-12 Of which salvation the prophets have
enquired and searched diligently, who prophesied of the grace
that should come unto you: Searching what, or what manner of
time the Spirit of Christ which was in them did signify, when it
testified beforehand the sufferings of Christ, and the glory
that should follow. Unto whom it was revealed, that not unto
themselves, but unto us they did minister the things, which are
now reported unto you by them that have preached the gospel unto
you with the Holy Ghost sent down from heaven: which things the
angels desire to look into . . . .
Verses 18-22 Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not
redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your
vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers; But
with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish
and without spot: Who verily was foreordained before the
foundation of the world, but was manifest in these last times
for you, Who by Him do believe in God, that raised Him up from
the dead, and gave Him glory; that your faith and hope might be
in God. Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth
through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, see that
ye love one another with a pure heart fervently.
I Peter 2:21-25 For even hereunto were ye called:
because Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example, that
ye should follow His steps: Who did no sin, neither was guile
found in his mouth: Who, when He was reviled, reviled not again;
when He suffered, He threatened not; but committed Himself to
Him that judgeth righteously: Who His own self bare our sins in
His own body on the tree, that we, being dead to sins, should
live unto righteousness: by whose stripes ye were healed. For ye
were as sheep going astray; but are now returned unto the
Shepherd and Bishop of your souls.
Revelation 1:5-6 And from Jesus Christ, who is the
faithful witness, and the first begotten of the dead, and the
prince of the kings of the earth. Unto Him that loved us, and
washed us from our sins in His own blood, And hath made us kings
and priests unto God and His Father; to Him be glory and
dominion for ever and ever. Amen.
Revelation 5:12-13 Saying with a loud voice, Worthy is
the Lamb that was slain to receive power, and riches, and
wisdom, and strength, and honour, and glory, and blessing. And
every creature which is in heaven, and on the earth, and under
the earth, and such as are in the sea, and all that are in them,
heard I saying, Blessing, and honour, and glory, and power, be
unto him that sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb for
ever and ever.
Revelation 19:6-9,16 And I heard as it were the voice
of a great multitude, and as the voice of many waters, and as
the voice of mighty thunderings, saying, Alleluia: for the Lord
God Omnipotent reigneth. Let us be glad and rejoice, and give
honour to Him: for the marriage of the Lamb is come, and His
wife hath made herself ready. And to her was granted that she
should be arrayed in fine linen, clean and white: for the fine
linen is the righteousness of saints. And he saith unto me,
Write, Blessed are they which are called unto the marriage
supper of the Lamb. And he saith unto me, These are the true
sayings of God . . . . And He hath on His vesture and on His
thigh a name written, KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS.
Revelation 21:9, 22-27 And there came unto me one of
the seven angels which had the seven vials full of the seven
last plagues, and talked with me, saying, Come hither, I will
shew thee the bride, the Lamb's wife . . . . And I saw no temple
therein: for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are the temple
of it. And the city had no need of the sun, neither of the moon,
to shine in it: for the glory of God did lighten it, and the
Lamb is the light thereof. And the nations of them which are
saved shall walk in the light of it: and the kings of the earth
do bring their glory and honour into it. And the gates of it
shall not be shut at all by day: for there shall be no night
there. And they shall bring the glory and honour of the nations
into it. And there shall in no wise enter into it any thing that
defileth, neither whatsoever worketh abomination, or maketh a
lie: but they which are written in the Lamb's Book of Life.
Revelation 22:1-3 And he shewed me a pure river of
water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of
God and of the Lamb. In the midst of the street of it, and on
either side of the river, was there the tree of life, which bare
twelve manner of fruits, and yielded her fruit every month: and
the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations. And
there shall be no more curse: but the throne of God and of the
Lamb shall be in it; and His servants shall serve Him:
I Corinthians 11 Explains the Christian
Passover
As the Messiah told us to keep it, we are to faithfully
continue to practice and pass on the "ordinances."
I Corinthians 11:1-2 Be ye followers of me, even as I
also am of Christ. Now I praise you, brethren, that ye remember
me in all things, and keep the ordinances, as I delivered them
to you . . .
It is a heresy to make the Passover into a sumptuous meal.
Verses 17-22 Now in this that I declare unto you I
praise you not, that ye come together not for the better, but
for the worse. For first of all, when ye come together in the
church, I hear that there be divisions among you; and I partly
believe it. For there must be also heresies among you, that they
which are approved may be made manifest among you. When ye come
together therefore into one place, this is not to eat the Lord's
Supper. For in eating every one taketh before other his own
supper: and one is hungry, and another is drunken. What? have ye
not houses to eat and to drink in? or despise ye the Church of
God, and shame them that have not? What shall I say to you?
shall I praise you in this? I praise you not.
The unleavened bread and wine are the only elements (after
footwashing) of the Passover "meal."
Verses 23-27 For I have received of the Lord that
which also I delivered unto you, That the Lord Jesus the same
night in which He was betrayed took bread: And when He had given
thanks, He brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is my body, which
is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me. After the same
manner also He took the cup, when He had supped, saying, This
cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye
drink it, in remembrance of me. For as often as ye eat this
bread, and drink this cup, ye do shew the Lord's death till He
come. Wherefore whosoever shall eat this bread, and drink this
cup of the Lord, unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and
blood of the Lord.
We need to examine ourselves before partaking of the
Passover. It is a serious matter. We must not partake of the
Passover in a light or unworthy manner, but with dignity and
reverence.
Verses 28-34 But let a man examine himself, and so let
him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup. For he that eateth
and drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh damnation to
himself, not discerning the Lord's body. For this cause many are
weak and sickly among you, and many sleep. For if we would judge
ourselves, we should not be judged. But when we are judged, we
are chastened of the Lord, that we should not be condemned with
the world. Wherefore, my brethren, when ye come together to eat,
tarry one for another. And if any man hunger, let him eat at
home; that ye come not together unto condemnation. And the rest
will I set in order when I come.
II Corinthians 13:5 Examine yourselves, whether ye be
in the faith; prove your own selves. Know ye not your own
selves, how that Jesus Christ is in you, except ye be
reprobates?
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